8 Ways to Boost Male Fertility and Improve Sperm Health

Posted June 23, 2023

(BPT) – Written by: Dr. Sina Abhari, Medical Director and board-certified reproductive endocrinology and infertility specialist at CCRM Fertility of Newport Beach

This article is a repost which originally appeared on LI HERALD.COM.

Edited for content. The opinions expressed in this article may not reflect the opinions of this site’s editors, staff or members.

Key Points

‧ Recent surveys show up to 40% of men are concerned about fertility.

‧ There are many individual things someone can do to improve their fertility health.

‧ Checking with a fertility specialist is recommended if problems are suspected.

With studies reporting a significant decline in sperm counts across the globe, fertility health has been a top-of-mind concern for many men in recent years. In fact, a recent survey of 1,000 men, ages 25-54, found that nearly 40% of men are currently concerned with their fertility health.

While some causes of male fertility are genetic or structural and require help from a fertility doctor, there are lifestyle considerations and changes you can factor into your everyday routine to improve your wellness and optimize reproductive health.

Here are some tips to help improve male fertility:

1. Maintain a healthy weight

Having a higher body mass index (BMI) may have a negative impact on sperm production. Research suggests that if your BMI is on the higher side, you might be at a greater risk of experiencing fertility issues and sometimes pregnancy outcomes are negatively impacted. So, it’s worth keeping an eye on your BMI and taking steps to maintain a healthy weight if you’re planning to start a family. Focus on eating well-balanced meals, exercise three to four days a week, and aim for a BMI between 21 to 26.

2. Eat a nutritious diet

Consume a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fat and include foods high in antioxidants, such as berries, leafy greens, nuts and seeds, which can help protect sperm from damage. Certain vitamins and supplements can also affect sperm health. Taking a multivitamin can provide additional antioxidants such as zinc, selenium and vitamin C — all of which are used by the testes to support sperm production.

3. Avoid tobacco

Smoking tobacco can take a serious toll on your overall health and wellness, and this includes negatively impacting your fertility. A meta-analysis of 20 studies with 5,865 participants found that smoking tobacco reduces sperm count and motility (how the sperm move/swim). If you smoke and are trying to conceive, it is time to kick the habit. Here are some tips from the CDC on how to quit smoking.

4. Consume alcohol in moderation

Excessive alcohol consumption can lower sperm counts, lower testosterone, and can disrupt reproductive hormone balance. So, what amount of alcohol is considered okay? The results from studies are inconsistent and there is no one study that gives direction on how much alcohol you should drink before your fertility is negatively impacted. But generally, fertility specialists recommend consuming less than four to six glasses of wine (or the equivalent) a week.

5. Exercise regularly

Some studies show that getting regular physical activity can increase testosterone levels and better sperm quality. However, excessive exercise may have a negative impact, so strike a balance.

6. Limit heat exposure

Avoid prolonged exposure to high temperatures, such as hot tubs, saunas, or tight-fitting underwear, as they can raise scrotal temperature and affect sperm production.

7. Minimize exposure to toxins

Reduce exposure to environmental toxins and chemicals that can harm sperm, such as pesticides, heavy metals, and certain workplace chemicals. Use protective clothing and follow safety guidelines if you work in a potentially hazardous environment.

8. Get enough sleep

Sleep deprivation has been correlated with a number of health concerns, including male fertility problems. Sufficient rest (aim for seven to eight hours each night) promotes hormonal balance and overall well-being.

If you’re concerned about your fertility, it is best to consult a fertility specialist. They can provide a thorough evaluation and recommend appropriate treatments or interventions based on your specific situation.

Caffeine and Erectile Dysfunction

By Lindsay Curtis Updated on May 01, 2023
Medically reviewed by Jamin Brahmbhatt, MD

This article is a repost which originally appeared on verywellhealth

Edited for content. The opinions expressed in this article may not reflect the opinions of this site’s editors, staff or members.

Key Points

‧ Moderate doses of caffeine may improve sexual function.

‧ Caffeine consumption can have a positive effect on emotional health.

‧ Caffeine sensitivity usually increases with age.

Coffee before sex may do more than just wake up the brain. Some research suggests that males who drink two to three cups of coffee a day have lower odds of developing erectile dysfunction, possibly because coffee may stimulate blood flow to the penis.

This article explains how coffee affects sexual performance and reproductive health.

How Coffee Improves Sex

In addition to providing a boost of energy, drinking coffee can make sex better in a variety of ways. Coffee is rich in antioxidants, which can protect blood vessels, aid circulation, and possibly improve blood flow to the penis, helping men get and maintain erections.

Erectile Function

Men who drink two to three cups of coffee per day may have an easier time getting and maintaining an erection.

In fact, one study found that men who consumed between 85-170 milligrams of caffeine per day were 42% less likely to experience erectile dysfunction, which is the inability to get or maintain an erection that is firm enough for sexual activity.

Those who consumed between 171-303 milligrams of caffeine a day were 39% less likely to report ED compared to those who didn’t consume caffeine.

This may be due to caffeine relaxing the arteries and smooth muscle in the penis, allowing more blood flow and improving erectile function. It may also be because caffeine intake may boost testosterone levels, and having low levels may contribute to ED. Research shows that men who regularly consume caffeinated coffee have higher levels of testosterone than those who do not consume it.

However, a more recent study found no association between caffeine intake and ED.

ED Prevalence

ED is very common. Though the risk of ED increases with age, young men can also experience the condition. Estimates on the prevalence of ED vary, but it is estimated that one out of every 10 men will experience the condition at some point during their life.

Improved Libido

It’s possible that caffeine can ramp up your sex drive. Caffeine is a stimulant, which is a drug that can increase energy and alertness by speeding up your brain and body. This increased energy may also give your sex drive a boost.

In addition to boosting energy levels, caffeine may also increase testosterone levels in men. Research shows that men who regularly consume caffeinated coffee have higher levels of testosterone than those who do not consume it.

One study found that consuming more than 4 milligrams of coffee prior to exercising boosts testosterone levels in athletes. An older study showed that chewing caffeine gum may elevate testosterone levels by up to 14%.

Caffeine’s possible ability to increase testosterone levels may also boost sex drive, as low levels have been linked with low libido.

However, scientists haven’t published research on the effect of coffee on libido in humans.

Decreased Stress

Caffeine may lower anxiety and elevate mood, which could make a coffee drinker happier and more relaxed during sex.

Researchers believe that caffeine can reduce anxiety by blocking receptors of the chemical adenosine, which can prevent the brain from causing a stress response.  However, this may only be the case for low to moderate coffee drinkers. Heavy caffeine intake can actually cause higher anxiety levels.

Side Effects

Though coffee may offer some health benefits, it’s important to drink it in moderation. Too much caffeine can cause a host of unwanted side effects, including:

‧ Anxiety
‧ Jitters
‧ Headache
‧ Insomnia
‧ Increased heart rate
‧ Upset stomach
‧ Dependency

The Food and Drug Administration recommends consuming no more than 400 milligrams (about four to five cups of coffee) per day to avoid side effects.

Caffeine Sensitivity

If you have caffeine sensitivity, even a small amount of caffeine can make you feel unwell. There are varying degrees of caffeine sensitivity: one person may be unaffected, while another won’t be able to sleep hours after consuming it. Caffeine sensitivity tends to increase with age, so you may find you need less coffee as you get older.

How Much Coffee Before Sex?

Coffee boosts energy levels, improves physical endurance, and increases neurotransmitters associated with elevated mood, which can all serve to help improve your sex life.

However, you don’t need to drink an excessive amount of coffee before sex to enjoy the benefits. One or two cups 45 minutes prior to sexual activity may help improve ED, boost testosterone, and give you the energy you need for a positive sexual experience.

Do Energy Drinks Help Sexual Performance?

While caffeine consumed in coffee is generally well tolerated by most people, energy drinks can have a number of negative effects, and there is no evidence to show that energy drinks can help with sexual performance. In fact, long-term consumption of energy drinks is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular problems, sleep disorders, dental problems, obesity, and calcium deficiency.

Summary

Coffee may be a natural way to help improve your sex life. More research is needed to say for sure, but it appears that drinking coffee can reduce your chances of erectile dysfunction and increase your libido. Coffee may also reduce anxiety and stress, thus making sex more relaxing and enjoyable.

You don’t need to drink much coffee to benefit from its effects. One or two cups 45 minutes before sex should be enough. Avoid drinking more than four or five cups a day, since excess caffeine can lead to unwanted side effects like insomnia and anxiety.

Though some people do find coffee to be helpful, be sure to talk to your healthcare provider if you have ED or other concerns about your sexual performance.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does drinking coffee before sex improve testosterone?

Research suggests that coffee may temporarily boost testosterone levels, which may be beneficial before sex.  Drinking coffee can also result in the relaxation of the cavernous smooth muscle found in the penis and improve blood supply through penile arteries to enhance blood flow to the penis.

What is the link between coffee and testosterone?

Coffee may help boost testosterone levels in men. One study found that men who consumed caffeine five times a day had higher levels of testosterone than men who did not consume it. Researchers concluded that caffeine may act as an aromatase inhibitor (blocking estrogen), which may boost testosterone production. Another study found that caffeine may improve exercise and training outcomes due to its ability to moderately boost testosterone levels.

Does caffeine improve ED?

Moderate levels of caffeine consumption may help improve erectile dysfunction. Research shows that men who consume between 85-170 milligrams of caffeine are 42% less likely to experience erectile dysfunction compared to those who don’t consume caffeine.

Do the symptoms of caffeine sensitivity increase with age?

Yes, caffeine sensitivity increases with age. Young people metabolize caffeine much more quickly than older adults. One study found that it takes seniors 33% longer to metabolize caffeine compared to younger adults.

Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

Lopez DS, Wang R, Tsilidis KK, et al. Role of caffeine intake on erectile dysfunction in US men: results from NHANES 2001-2004. PLOS ONE. 2015;10(4):e0123547. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0123547

Maggi, M., Rastrelli, G., & Corona, G. (2020). Both comorbidity burden and low testosterone can explain symptoms and signs of testosterone deficiency in men consulting for sexual dysfunction. Asian Journal of Andrology, 22(3), 265. https://doi.org/10.4103/aja.aja_61_19

Wedick NM, Mantzoros CS, Ding EL, et al. The effects of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee on sex hormone-binding globulin and endogenous sex hormone levels: a randomized controlled trial. Nutr J. 2012;11(1):86. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-11-86

Lopez DS, Liu L, Rimm EB, et al. Coffee intake and incidence of erectile dysfunction. Am J Epidemiol. 2018;187(5):951-959. doi:10.1093/aje/kwx304

Cleveland Clinic. Erectile dysfunction.

Anwar, S., Verma, P., & Dutt, R. (2022). Role of caffeine in inducing anxiety by reducing brain serotonin synthesis blocking adenosine receptors (A1, A2A, A2B, and A3). Current Traditional Medicine, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.2174/2215083808666220321145436

Richards, G., & Smith, A. (2015). Caffeine consumption and self-assessed stress, anxiety, and depression in secondary school children. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 29(12), 1236–1247. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881115612404

Food and Drug Administration. Spilling the beans: how much caffeine is too much?

Landry TM, Saunders MJ, Akers JD, Womack CJ. Caffeine added to coffee does not alter the acute testosterone response to exercise in resistance trained males. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2019;59(9):1435-1441. doi:10.23736/S0022-4707.19.09183-7

Lopez DS, Liu L, Rimm EB, et al. Coffee intake and incidence of erectile dysfunction. Am J Epidemiol. 2018;187(5):951-959. doi:10.1093/aje/kwx304

Beaven CM, Hopkins WG, Hansen KT, Wood MR, Cronin JB, Lowe TE. Dose effect of caffeine on testosterone and cortisol responses to resistance exercise. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2008;18(2):131-141. doi:10.1123/ijsnem.18.2.131

Polasek TM, Patel F, Jensen BP, Sorich MJ, Wiese MD, Doogue MP. Predicted metabolic drug clearance with increasing adult age. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2013;75(4):1019-1028. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04446.x

 

 

Men’s Health: Dos & Don’t Of Diet For Better Fertility In Men

This article is a repost which originally appeared on DOCTOR NDTV

Edited for content. The opinions expressed in this article may not reflect the opinions of this site’s editors, staff or members.

The ability of a person to reproduce naturally is referred to as fertility. When a man’s chances of getting his female spouse pregnant are poor, this is known as male infertility. Usually, it depends on how good his sperm cells are. Infertility can sometimes be related to sexual function, and it can also occasionally be related to the quality of the semen.

Male fertility really depends on a healthy sperm count. Sperm count can be affected by a variety of elements, such as nutrition and way of life. You can increase sperm count and overall fertility by incorporating particular nutrients into your diet. We’ll look at some fundamental dos and don’ts that have been demonstrated to have an impact on sperm count below.

Dietary do’s & don’ts to boost fertility in men:

Do’s

  1. Eat a balanced diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats.
  2. You certainly already know that vitamin C can strengthen the immune system. According to some research, consuming antioxidants like vitamin C may increase fertility.
  3. Cut back on processed and fast food, as they contain high levels of unhealthy fats, sugars, and artificial additives that can negatively impact fertility.
  4. Increase your intake of antioxidants such as vitamin E, and selenium, as they can help protect sperm from damage.
  5. Fertility in both men and women can benefit from vitamin D. Another vitamin that might raise testosterone levels is this one. Men who were vitamin D deficient had a higher likelihood of having low testosterone levels, according to one observational study.
  6. Fenugreek is an appreciated herb for both cooking and medicine. Supplements containing fenugreek have been demonstrated to considerably raise testosterone levels.
  7. One of the foundational elements of male fertility is getting adequate zinc. Additionally, taking zinc supplements may prevent the lower testosterone levels linked to overdoing it on high-intensity exercise.
  8. Ashwagandha is a herb used for medical purposes which can be added to your diet. According to studies, ashwagandha may increase testosterone levels, hence enhancing male fertility.

Don’ts

  1. Avoid or limit foods that are high in saturated and trans fats, such as red meat, fried foods, and baked goods, as they can decrease sperm count and motility.
  2. Reduce intake of soy products. Soy is abundant in isoflavones which causes an oestrogenic effect that drops the levels of testosterone.
  3. Avoiding consuming predator fish such as tuna and swordfish. These fish are high in mercury which can negatively affect our reproductive health and lead to fertility issues.
  4. Reduce your caffeine intake, as high levels can negatively impact sperm quality.
  5. Avoid or limit alcohol intake, as excessive consumption can decrease testosterone levels and impair sperm production.
  6. Avoid smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke, as they can damage sperm DNA and decrease sperm count.
  7. Don’t skip meals, as it can negatively affect hormone levels and overall sperm health.
  8. Foods in cans and tins are lined with a substance called bisphenol (BPA). Since bisphenol mimics oestrogen in the human body, it can have consequences akin to too much soy.

Follow these dietary dos and don’ts to improve your fertility and increase your chances of conceiving.

 

Nutritionists Explain Why Seaweed Is Incredible for Your Health

Seaweed Might Just Be the Food Your Diet Is Missing

It’s a nutritional powerhouse.
By Perri O. Blumberg   Published: Aug 18, 2022

This article is a repost which originally appeared on Men’s Health.

Edited for content. The opinions expressed in this article may not reflect the opinions of this site’s editors, staff or members.

Our Takeaways:

· There are many types of seaweed suitable for human consumption.

· Many ingredients for cooking and food additives are derived from seaweed.

· Seaweed can be an excellent source of vitamins, minerals and fiber.

DON’T UNDERESTIMATE the power of seaweed for your diet.

“Seaweed is a salty, slightly fishy tasting food that is found in oceans around the world,” says Wendy Lord, R,D., consultant for Sensible Digs. “It has been used in Japanese cuisine for centuries, and due to its high nutritional value, it was used as a tax [payment] and served in imperial courts and shrines as early as 3000 B.C.”

“Seaweed has been a staple in Asian diets for thousands of years, but it’s only become popular in North America in the past few decades. You can harvest it yourself if you’re near an ocean, but it’s also available in many supermarkets,” says Kim Yawitz, R.D., a gym owner in St. Louis, MO.

Yawitz notes that seaweed can be a bit tricky to identify on store shelves because most ready-to-consume products are labeled by species, not simply as “seaweed.” She says some of the most common varieties to look out for in North America are nori, wakame, kombu, kelp, sea lettuce, and dulse. “You can find these products in the form of sheets, strips, and noodles, often in the Asian foods aisle.”

Yawitz says that it’s also possible to consume seaweed without even realizing it. “Some types of seaweed—like carrageenan and agar—are used as thickeners for creamers, cottage cheese, jellies, meat products, and other packaged foods,” she says.

Here’s everything you need to know about seaweed, including the superfood’s health benefits and nutritional stats.

What is seaweed?

Seaweed, also known as macroalgae, refers to vegetables from the sea or another body of water. Yet not all seaweed is edible.

“Seaweed is an umbrella term for thousands of different species of algae that grow in oceans, lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water,” says Yawitz. “In addition to providing nutrients and shelter for marine animals, seaweed filters pollutants from the water,” she says, adding that while most saltwater seaweed is edible, freshwater algae shouldn’t be eaten due to a higher risk of toxicity.

Now, let’s dive into some of the better-known types of seaweed enjoyed by humans.

First, you’re likely familiar with dried nori sheets, which are used with rice to make sushi. “It is made from the dried red seaweed called pyropia. After harvesting, it is cleaned and minced before being laid out on flat trays to dry into sheets,” says Lord. “Besides sushi, nori adds the slightly sweet, salty ocean taste to noodle dishes, soups, and salads. It also makes a crispy snack.”

Other popular seaweed species? “Kombu, wakame, and hijiki are common types of seaweed used to make soups and broths and to add flavor to stews and casseroles. Kombu is a source of glutamine, an amino acid that gives this type of seaweed its rich umami flavor,” says Lord, noting seaweed can also be ground and sprinkled over food in place of salt. Try cooking rice with kombu to impart a hint of umami flavor.

“Arame is a good option to consider if you are looking for a milder, less fishy sea vegetable. The flavor is mild and slightly sweet, and the taste of the fish is more subdued,” she adds. “Arame has a firm texture, making it a versatile ingredient in soups, sauces, stews, and salads, but the dried arame must be reconstituted before being used.”

Is seaweed nutritious?

As Yawitz puts it, just like carrots have different vitamins and minerals than peppers, different types of seaweed vary a bit in terms of nutrients. “But in general, seaweed is a good source of iodine, manganese, folate, antioxidants, and fiber,” she says.

Seaweed also has some good-for-you sugars in it. Yes, you read that right. “You might not think of sugar as being particularly healthy, but seaweed also contains specific types of sugar that are thought to improve health,” says Yawitz. “For example, fucoxanthins and alginate are both types of sugar that appear to regulate blood sugar, while fucoidans are sugars that have been shown to reduce inflammation and boost the immune system.”

Recently, many dietitians have been extolling the virtues of seaweed.

“For starters, it is an excellent source of soluble and insoluble fiber, which are important in our diet to promote gut health and keep blood sugar levels and cholesterol in check. Soluble fiber, in particular, is essential for maintaining the ideal balance in the gut microbiome — the bacteria living in the digestive system,” says Lord. “Depending on the type of seaweed you are eating, the fiber content is between 36 percent to 60 percent of its dry weight, with the soluble fiber accounting for 55 percent to 70 percent of the total amount of fiber. Red algae, such as that used to make nori, has the highest soluble fiber content.”

It gets even better: “Some seaweed contains 10 to 100 times more vitamins and minerals than the equal amount of dry land vegetables or animal-derived foods,” says Lord, elaborating that the exact amount depends on the type of seaweed you are eating. Per recent research, the list of micronutrients found in seaweed includes:

  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin E
  • Vitamin K
  • Vitamin C
  • B-group vitamins: B1, B2, B9, B12
  • Calcium
  • Iron
  • Iodine
  • Magnesium
  • Phosphorus
  • Potassium
  • Zinc
  • Copper
  • Manganese
  • Selenium
  • Fluoride

What are the health benefits of seaweed?

Living forever. Well, perhaps that’s a stretch. But seaweed consumption might play a role in reaching centenarian status. “Seaweed is a diet staple in Okinawa, which has been home to some of the longest-living humans on earth. And while Okinawans certainly have other lifestyle habits that contribute to their longevity, some studies have linked seaweed with a longer lifespan,” says Yawitz. “In two large and recent studies, adults who ate the most seaweed had the lowest risk of dying from heart disease and stroke. Other, smaller studies suggest that seaweed oil could help reduce blood sugar levels, decreasing the risk for diabetes.”

Lord ticks off some more impressive potential health benefits of eating seaweed regularly: “Seaweed consumption has been associated with managing arthritis, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, eye conditions, and cardiovascular diseases. In brown algae, the active compound that is being studied with regard to health is fucoidan. It has not yet been approved for medical applications, but it can be bought in nutraceutical form. Research is promising and shows that it has antibacterial and antiviral properties. It also acts as an anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antithrombotic agent. Plus, it can be used to prevent cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s disease.”

Lord also says that brown algae are commonly used in traditional Japanese medicine to treat hypertension, goiter, obesity, sore knees, and relieve constipation. “Many of the health benefits of seaweed can be attributed to the variety of phytonutrients found in it,” she says. “Along with the vitamins and minerals, the phytonutrients help to prevent oxidative damage in the body and prevent disease.”

The best ways to eat seaweed

Convinced you should be adding seaweed to your diet more frequently? Here’s how to get started in the kitchen…

“Seaweed is most commonly used in Asian cooking, but its popularity is growing worldwide,” suggests Lord. “Almost any savory dish can be lifted by adding seaweed. It adds a salty, earthy flavor to soups, stews, broths, and casseroles.”

She adds, “If you are new to using seaweed in your cooking, it might be a good idea to opt for one such as arame, which has a milder flavor until you get used to it and feel ready for the stronger umami flavor that comes with other forms of seaweed. Nori sheets are most commonly used to make sushi, but they can be added to any number of dishes. You can snack on it as it is in the form of seaweed crisps, or cut it and add it to salads or cooked vegetable dishes. You can even grind it and use it to add flavor to your food instead of salt.”

Yawitz suggested adding a cup of miso soup to meal time—which typically has seaweed stirred into it—or to start your meal with a seaweed salad to boost your intake of sea greens. “You can also add seaweed to stir-fries, soups, steamed rice, or even smoothies,” she says. “Finally, seaweed snacks are a great alternative to chips and other salty snacks. You can buy them in stores or make them using a food dehydrator.”

 

How to Increase Testosterone: A Guide

Medically Reviewed By Kelly Wood, MD
— Written By Dr Christopher Oseh Updated on August 15, 2022

This article is a repost which originally appeared on healthgrades.

Edited for content. The opinions expressed in this article may not reflect the opinions of this site’s editors, staff or members.

Our Takeaways:

· Testosterone controls a number of physiological functions in adult males.

· Older males typically experience a reduction in testosterone levels due to a number of factors.

· There are many ways to naturally increase testosterone levels.

There are different interventions to increase testosterone. Testosterone naturally reduces in males as they grow older. Individuals with low testosterone may notice symptoms such as decreased sexual drive and unusual tiredness.

Read on to learn more about the treatment methods and natural remedies that could boost your blood testosterone level.

What is testosterone?

Testosterone is a male sex hormone produced in the testis — the male reproductive organ. Testosterone binds to albumin and sex hormone binding globulin as it circulates in the blood, while some exist in an unbound form. Regulatory hormones in the pituitary gland regulate the production of testosterone.

Testosterone production starts from the seventh week of gestation in a male embryo. The amount gradually rises and helps in the development of the male genitals in utero. A few months after birth, the blood concentration of testosterone in male infants drops and peaks again at puberty.

The liver, prostate, and reproductive tissues contain an enzyme called 5α reductase, which converts testosterone to its metabolite — dihydrotestosterone.

Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone are responsible for the development of male sexual characteristics.

Testosterone controls physiologic functions in adult males, such as:

‧ sexual drive
‧ muscular tone
‧ sperm production
‧ red blood cells

Adult males may notice a decline in these functions when their testosterone level drops.

What are the symptoms of low testosterone in males?

Symptoms of low testosterone levels are nonspecific. However, if you have low testosterone, sexual and nonsexual symptoms may manifest.

Here are some sexual symptoms you could notice:

‧ decreased sexual desire or libido
‧ reduced frequency or rigidity of nocturnal erections
‧ erectile dysfunction

Nonsexual symptoms include:

‧ unexplained fatigue
‧ decreased energy
‧ difficulty concentrating
‧ decreased sense of well-being
‧ depressed mood

These symptoms alone are not adequate to diagnose low testosterone. Your doctor will typically conduct a physical examination and order some investigations to identify the possible causes of low testosterone levels.

Low testosterone causes vary depending on the age of the individual. For instance, genetic and acquired conditions that affect the testis may lead to low testosterone levels in young males.

In addition to medical conditions affecting the testis, older males typically experience a natural reduction in blood testosterone. This is due to the gradual decline in regulatory hormones that influence testosterone production.

The combination of your clinical history and investigation findings is essential in diagnosing low testosterone.

However, if you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor.

How can doctors help increase testosterone?

After confirmation of low testosterone, your doctor will typically initiate a treatment called testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). TRT involves administering testosterone medication to boost testosterone concentration in your blood.

Testosterone medication exists in various preparations. Your doctor will generally carry out a clinical assessment to identify the most effective type of medication for your individual needs, best formulation, or route of delivery for you.

Oral testosterone replacement therapy

This type of medication involves the oral intake of testosterone capsules to boost the blood testosterone level. However, as a result of low absorption and liver toxicity, doctors do not typically prescribe testosterone capsules to individuals with low testosterone.

Buccal testosterone replacement therapy

Buccal testosterone preparations have adhesive features that enable adhesion to the gums in the mouth. After dissolving in the gums, the blood vessels in the gums absorb the medication. This allows the medication to bypass the liver and the gastrointestinal tract.

Because of the above characteristics, buccal testosterone formulations are generally more tolerable than oral capsules.

Nasal testosterone replacement therapy

This form of TRT involves self-administering nasal pumps to administer intranasal testosterone gel into the nasal cavity. The blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane absorb the nasal gel into the systemic circulation. Some individuals who use Intranasal testosterone may have side effects, such as:

‧ sinusitis
‧ nasal discomfort
‧ rhinitis
‧ nose bleeds

If you use intranasal testosterone and you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor.

Intramuscular testosterone replacement therapy

This type of medication entails injecting oil suspensions of testosterone into the muscles. Your doctor may prescribe long-acting intramuscular testosterone preparations for weekly injections. This ensures convenience and also improves compliance and adherence to therapy.

Transdermal testosterone replacement therapy

This form of TRT involves administering transdermal testosterone gels or patches over the skin. Your doctor will typically apply transdermal patches or gels on the skin where the blood vessels absorb it.

These areas generally include:

‧ surfaces of your abdomen
‧ upper arm
‧ thigh

To reduce the onset of local skin irritations, rotate the skin area where you apply the transdermal gels or patches.

Contraindications to testosterone replacement therapy

Though testosterone replacement therapy is effective, it is not suitable for some individuals. Some contraindications to TRT include:

‧ hematocrit above 48%
‧ prostate cancer
‧ uncontrolled heart failure
‧ a recent episode of myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident
‧ untreated obstructive sleep apnea
‧ fertility planning in males
‧ elevated PSA above 4 ng/mL

How can you naturally increase testosterone?

A 2018 study showed that eating foods rich in specific vitamins and minerals can maintain testosterone. However, it may not be possible to increase it without medical intervention. Here are some foods and supplements that can support the blood testosterone level.

Natural cocoa products

Natural cocoa products such as cocoa powder contain flavonoids — plant-based antioxidants with potent anti-inflammatory properties. These flavonoids promote the formation of steroids required for testosterone production and support the testicular cells.

A few studies reveal that flavonoids facilitate the process of testosterone production in the testis.

Magnesium-rich foods

A 2011 study suggested that magnesium increases insulin-like growth factor 1, which stimulates the process essential for testosterone formation. Intake of some fruits such as avocados or leafy vegetables, which are sources of magnesium, may maintain your testosterone level.

Selenium foods

Animal and human studies of selenium demonstrate its potential benefits and support in the male reproductive system. Selenium has strong antioxidant properties that promote male fertility. However, more clinical studies are essential to show its potential benefits in humans.

Herbal extracts

Certain herbs may support the production of testosterone. A 2020 research review revealed that some leaf and root herbal extracts positively affected testosterone concentrations in male study respondents.

However, as a result of dosage variations and safety concerns, further studies are critical in establishing the efficacy of these herbal extracts.

Reduce alcohol intake

Frequent consumption of alcohol adversely impacts testosterone production in multiple ways. Firstly, a high intake of alcohol disrupts the balance in the pituitary hormones that regulate testosterone production.

Also, a high concentration of alcohol in the blood may cause damage to the testosterone-producing glands and cells in the testis.

Studies with male rats showed that chronic alcohol intake negatively impacted their overall fertility and the structures in their reproductive tracts.

Therefore, reducing your quantity and frequency of alcohol intake can have a positive reproductive health impact.

Summary

Testosterone is a male steroid hormone produced in the testis. In older males, blood testosterone levels typically drop naturally. However, young adult males may have low testosterone levels if they have medical conditions that damage the testosterone-secreting glands in the testis.

You may notice symptoms of low testosterone levels such as decreased sexual desire or libido, erectile dysfunction, unexplained fatigue, and reduced energy.

Even though intake of certain fruits like natural cocoa products or some herbal extracts may maintain testosterone levels, testosterone replacement therapies are typically the most effective treatment for low testosterone.

Contact your doctor for clinical evaluation and to discuss the most appropriate TRT intervention for you.

Sources:

1. Cohen, J., et al. (2020). Low testosterone in adolescents & young adults. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6966696/
2. Emanuele, M. A., et al. (n.d). Alcohol and the male reproductive system. https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh25-4/282-287.htm
3. Hu, T-Y., et al. (2018). Testosterone-associated dietary pattern predicts low testosterone levels and hypogonadism. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6266690/
4. Maggio, M., et al. (2011). Magnesium and anabolic hormones in older men. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01193.x
5. Martin, L. J., et al. (2020). Improvement of testicular steroidogenesis using flavonoids and isoflavonoids for prevention of late-onset male hypogonadism. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/3/237
6. McBride, J. A., et al. (2015). Testosterone deficiency in the aging male. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1756287215612961
7. Shoskes, J. J., et al. (2016). Pharmacology of testosterone replacement therapy preparations. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5182226/
8. Smith, S. J., et al. (2020). Examining the effects of herbs on testosterone concentrations in men: A systematic review. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8166567/
9. Testosterone and aging: Clinical research and directions. (2004). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK216164/
10. Qazi, I. H., et al. (2019). Role of selenium and selenoproteins in male reproductive function: A review of past and present evidences. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6719970/

 

Does Garlic Increase Your Sex Drive?

Can Garlic Improve Your Sex Life?

Written by Rachael Link, MS, RD on May 25, 2021 — Medically reviewed by Kim Chin, RD

This article is a repost which originally appeared on Healthline

Edited for content.

Garlic is a popular ingredient that has been linked to a long list of health benefits.

According to some studies, garlic could help fight inflammation, reduce cholesterol levels, and protect against chronic disease.

Given its many medicinal properties, people may also wonder whether garlic can improve sexual function or increase libido.

This article looks at the evidence to determine whether garlic can increase your sex drive.

May improve blood flow

Some research suggests that garlic may help increase blood flow, which may be beneficial for treating issues like erectile dysfunction in men.

In fact, multiple human and animal studies have found that certain compounds found in garlic can increase blood flow and improve blood vessel function.

What’s more, one study among 49 older men found that a medication containing ingredients like aged garlic extract, ginseng, and velvet antler improved erectile function.

Garlic can also increase nitric oxide levels, a compound that helps blood vessels dilate to promote better blood flow. This could potentially help improve erectile function.

However, more human studies are needed to evaluate the effects of garlic on erectile dysfunction specifically.

Summary

Garlic may help improve blood flow, which could help prevent erectile dysfunction. However, more human research is needed.

May enhance male fertility

In addition to increasing blood flow, some studies have found that garlic may help promote male fertility.

One review of 18 studies concluded that garlic helped boost sperm production and increase levels of testosterone, which may be due to its antioxidant properties.

In a recent animal study, S-allyl cysteine, a compound found in garlic, increased testosterone production in mice.

Another animal study also showed that aged garlic extract could protect against changes in sperm production and testosterone levels caused by chemotherapy.

Still, further research is needed to determine how garlic may affect male fertility and testosterone levels in humans.

Summary

Although studies in humans are limited, some research shows that garlic and its components could improve male fertility, enhance testosterone levels, and increase sperm production.

Acts as an antioxidant

Antioxidants can not only help protect against chronic disease but also may play a key role in sexual health and fertility.

Fresh garlic and aged garlic extract are rich in antioxidants and can help neutralize harmful compounds known as free radicals.

According to one study among 100 men with infertility, taking an antioxidant supplement increased sperm count.

Interestingly, one study in rats with diabetes found that S-allyl cysteine from garlic improved erectile function by blocking the formation of free radicals.

However, additional studies are needed to understand how the antioxidants in garlic may affect sexual function and fertility in humans.

Summary

Garlic is a good source of antioxidants, which may improve sexual health and fertility.

The bottom line

Garlic is a powerful ingredient that has been linked to many potential health benefits.

According to some human and animal studies, it may improve sexual function by increasing blood flow and enhancing fertility, especially in men.

Still, limited research is available on garlic’s effects on sex drive specifically, and it remains unclear how it might affect sexual function in women.

However, it can easily be enjoyed as part of a nutritious, well-rounded diet to support overall health and protect against disease.

Just one thing

Try this today: When using garlic, be sure to crush or chop it, and let it sit for at least 10 minutes before cooking. This increases its content of allicin, a compound responsible for many of the health benefits associated with this popular ingredient.

 

What are the benefits of dates for men?

How beneficial are dates for men?

Medically reviewed by Grant Tinsley, PhD — Written by Mary West on March 22, 2021

This article is a repost which originally appeared on MEDICALNEWSTODAY

Edited for content

Research does not show that eating dates provides any sexual health benefits for males. That said, the fruit’s high nutrient content may promote general wellness and help prevent disease for people of all sexes.

Potential benefits

Some studies suggest that dates may benefit health in several ways. The following sections will look at what the research says in more detail.

They may help treat infertility

In traditional African medicine practices, people have long used dates to treat male infertility. However, there is scarce scientific research to support their effectiveness for this purpose, according to one study. This study is yet to undergo peer review.

The researchers tested the effects of dates on the fertility of rats with neurotoxin-induced infertility.

The dates reduced signs of infertility in the rats, but they also reduced levels of the hormone testosterone, which is linked to fertility.

The researchers suggest that future studies should try to identify a safe amount of dates for treating infertility.

Scientists need to do much more research into the effects of dates on fertility in humans before they can make any recommendations about using dates for this purpose.

They may boost brain health

A scientific review from 2016 notes that some studies have linked regular date consumption to better thinking skills and a lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease.

Alzheimer’s impairs memory and the ability to think. The review suggests that long-term use of date fruit supplements in rodents was associated with reduced plaque formation in the brain. These plaques are characteristic in people with Alzheimer’s.

They may help alleviate chronic disease due to their antioxidants

Unstable molecules called free radicals can cause a process known as oxidative stress.

Scientists believe that oxidative stress plays a role in the development of certain chronic conditions. These include cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, and cardiovascular disease.

Dates have strong antioxidant properties with the potential to improve chronic conditions.

They may increase skin health

Topical creams containing dates may improve skin health.

Research suggests that the application of date creams to the skin can improve skin moisture content, elasticity, and brightness. The authors also note that dates in skin care may reduce the effects of aging on the skin.

None of the participants using the cream reported side effects, and the dates appeared to be safe for use on the skin.

They may help with diabetes

Diabetes involves reduced blood sugar control. A scientific review that analyzed the available research on the topic suggests that dates have the potential to treat diabetes due to their antioxidant content.

Some studies in the review indicate that dates can improve the function of the pancreas in secreting insulin, which is the hormone that helps maintain normal blood sugar levels. Other studies indicate that dates may help with the complications of diabetes.

In addition, dates are high in fiber, meaning that the body absorbs them slowly during digestion. This helps keep a person’s blood sugar levels stable. High blood sugar levels can be a chronic issue in people with diabetes.

Their fiber content may help prevent certain conditions

The fiber in dates can also help with other conditions.

One study suggests that dietary fiber can help protect against diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. In addition, fiber may help reduce the risk of conditions involving the gastrointestinal tract, such as constipation, colon cancer, and ulcers.

Risks and considerations

Dates are a nutrient-rich type of fruit that may have various health benefits. The only possible drawback is that they are high in sugar, according to one study.

People who are trying to moderate their daily calorie intake may wish to limit their intake of dates because they are calorie dense.

Despite the fruit’s sugar content, the study authors say that low-to-moderate consumption is likely safe for anyone, including people with diabetes. This is because the fiber in dates causes the body to digest them slowly, helping prevent unhealthy blood sugar spikes.

However, a person wishing to take supplements containing dates should consult a doctor first. This is because supplements may not always provide the same health benefits as food.

Nutritional information for dates

Below is the nutritional information Source for a 100-gram (g) serving of dates, which is about four dates.

Amount Daily Value
Calories 277
Protein 1.81 g 4%
Total fat 0.15 g 0%
Carbohydrates 75 milligrams (mg) 27%
Fiber 6.7 g 24%
Vitamin A 149 international units 3%
Vitamin B6 0.25 mg 19%
Manganese 0.3 mg 13%
Copper 0.36 mg 40%
Magnesium 54 mg 14%
Potassium 696 mg 15%

According to some research, dates also contain:

  • Phenolic acids: These are types of antioxidants that help protect against disease.
  • Enzymes: These are molecules that make biochemical reactions happen.
  • Carotenoids: These are orange, yellow, and red pigments that are important for various functions.

How to include dates in the diet

Here are some ideas for how to add dates to an eating plan:

  • Breakfasts: Sprinkle dates into oatmeal or add them to dough when making muffins.
  • Salads: Mix dates into any kind of salad.
  • Snacks: Combine dates with other dried fruits and nuts, such as pecans or almonds, to make a trail mix.
  • Lunches: Include dates in a tuna or chicken salad wrap made with whole wheat tortillas.
  • Main dishes: Add dates to a turkey meatloaf recipe or include them in stews and soups.
  • Desserts: Make a parfait with layers of yogurt, diced dates, and berries.
  • Smoothies: Blend dates with almond milk, peanut butter, bananas, and ice to make a smoothie.
  • Sugar substitute: Puree dates and substitute them for sugar in recipes.
  • Energy balls: Pulse dates in a food processor. Mix in natural peanut butter, chopped dark chocolate, and rolled oats. Roll the mixture into balls and refrigerate.

Summary

Scientists need to do more research before they can make any claims about the specific health benefits of dates for men or fertility.

However, preliminary studies suggest that dates may help with other aspects of health, including cognition and blood sugar control, for people of any sex.

The vitamin, mineral, fiber, and antioxidant contents of dates make them a nutritious type of food to include in the diet. There are several creative ways to add them to an eating plan.

Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We avoid using tertiary references. We link primary sources — including studies, scientific references, and statistics — within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.

 

Fertility supplements for men: What they are, how they work, and why to take them

Fertility supplements for men: What they are, how they work, and why to take them

“Randomized, placebo controlled clinical trials basically don’t exist in this area.”

This article is a repost which originally appeared on INVERSE

Edited for content

As sperm counts around the world plummet for as of yet unknown reasons and research indicates that male fertility issues account for 40-50% of infertility cases, many men who are struggling to conceive may wonder if they can do something to improve their chances. And, of course, the world of supplements stands at the ready, offering blends specifically advertised to boost male fertility. But do these products work?

Are there any supplements that you can take to boost your fertility?

There are some widely available nutrients have been investigated scientifically for their potential to boost male fertility, including one more associated with female sexual health than male fertility.

These include:

  • Fish oil/Omega-3s
  • Folic acid — much more associated with women, especially in relation to fertility
  • Zinc
  • Antioxidants

These nutrients can come from your diet, but it is also possible to supplement your intake, too.

Do male fertility supplements work?

Inverse spoke with Charles Muller, the director of the Male Fertility Lab at the University of Washington. He has been studying sperm and fertilization for decades. When asked about male fertility supplements, he did have a story to tell.

He had two patients, one from India and one from China, who came to the Fertility Lab for assessment after struggling to conceive. Both had a condition called cryptozoospermia, wherein their semen had incredibly low sperm counts. This condition makes the possibility of fertilization very low.

Both men were treated with medicinal formulas in their home countries for several months, and upon returning to the lab, their sperm counts were high.

“Now, the question is, is that just sort of a random event? Or did these herbal supplements really help them?” Muller wonders.

He says that while there are studies of the types of male fertility supplements commonly touted in the United States, “randomized, placebo controlled clinical trials basically don’t exist in this area.” These kinds of trials are the ‘gold standard’ for sussing out whether any medication or intervention is truly effective.

He also says male fertility studies are complicated by the fact semen samples are extremely variable across populations, and even when taken from the same individual.

To really establish whether a supplement is capable of positively changing semen quality on the population level, a researcher would have to establish a “normal range” for each evaluated semen parameter for each individual in the study.

“There’s a blood-testes barrier”

Even if, theoretically, you have a condition that could benefit from supplementation, the compounds in the supplements may not be able to get where they need to go, Muller says.

“It’s possible those things don’t have any effect whatsoever, because they’re just getting thrown out by the digestive system, or second, it’s possible they’re never making their way into the testes,” Muller says.

“Bioavailability in the testes is very limited, because very little can get into the testes. There’s a blood-testes barrier.”

These issues notwithstanding, Muller says: “I don’t knock people doing initial trials. I do them too, because you might find out if it is worth looking into further.”

What are the best male fertility supplements, according to science?

Should you take male fertility supplements?

The results from the existing studies are mixed. Here is a synopsis of some of the research:

· Fish oil for men:

A recent study of young, Danish military recruits found that Omega-3 supplementation improved sperm health. Inverse previously reported that 98 of 1,679 men evaluated in the study took fish oil as a supplement and they had higher sperm count, semen volume, and testicle size than those who did not.

Muller says that, while this study is promising, it was “uncontrolled in terms of amount of omega-3 and patient selection” — two major limitations to taking the results at face value. The study authors highlight this issues, too, saying “these findings need confirmation in well-designed randomized clinical trials among unselected men.”

Ultimately, the jury is still out on fish oil supplements for men’s fertility, but these preliminary results are promising.

· Folic acid for male fertility:

Folic acid is often billed as an essential supplement for female fertility and sexual health, but what about male fertility?

A meta-analysis of seven studies found sperm concentrations were higher in men who took folate supplements than those who ingested a placebo. How well sperm swam and whether they were the optimal shape and size were not shown to be correlated with folate supplementation.

The study authors concluded: “these results should be interpreted with caution due to the important heterogeneity of the studies included in this meta-analysis. Further trials are still needed to confirm the current findings.”

Inverse also recently covered a large male fertility study which followed 2,300 male partners from couples planning to undergo infertility treatment. The men were divided in half and one group of 1,150 took 30 milligrams of elemental zinc and 5 milligrams of folic acid daily, while the other group took a placebo. After 6 months, both groups had similar birth rates. The researchers concluded, “these findings do not support the use of folic acid and zinc supplementation by male partners for the treatment of infertility.”

· Zinc for men:

Both studies above involve zinc supplementation along with folic acid. Zinc is one of the most popular ingredients in dietary supplements for male fertility, according to a 2020 paper in the journal Nutrients. Overall, it appears to be in some 70 percent of the tested supplements.

Some scientists argue zinc is an essential nutrient for safeguarding male fertility and reproductive health. But as the 2020 paper above argues, the standards for testing how well any one supplement are lacking. And for zinc, the lack of standards can be worrying.

As the authors write in the Nutrients review: “We were surprised to point out that all RCTs and meta-analyses on zinc for male infertility relied on doses always exceeding the UL.”

In other words, many of the tests for zinc supplementation they looked at had doses of zinc which were above the upper recommended intake. Too much zinc can have adverse side affects, they write, sounding a note of caution over this supplement’s supposed benefits.

· Antioxidants:

Antioxidants benefit the body by neutralizing free radicals — metabolic waste products which can wreak havoc on cellular health if not properly disposed of. Free radicals can kill sperm and they can also result in the fragmentation of sperm DNA, which could potentially lead to the loss of a pregnancy or even childhood cancer, according to Muller.

Because of this, antioxidant supplementation has and is being investigated as a way to boost sperm health. One 2016 meta-analysis of four clinical trials found a combination of antioxidant supplements including vitamin C, vitamin E, and CoQ10, “can effectively improve semen parameters in infertile men.”

A clinical study in which participants took a daily antioxidant formulation comprised of vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, l-carnitine, zinc, folic acid, and lycopene for three to six months found otherwise, however. This study found no benefits for sperm DNA integrity or other semen parameters.

Additionally, some researchers express concern excess antioxidant use could damage fertility through a different process than the damage caused by free radicals. Because of this potential, the researchers write, “we feel that there is a need for more elaborate research to establish the clear benefits and risks involved in antioxidant therapy for male infertility.”

How do you know you need male fertility supplements?

The science is still out on whether these supplements work.

But according to the Mayo Clinic, infertility is a common problem, affecting one in seven couples. They define infertility as the inability to conceive after a year or more of frequent, unprotected sex.

According to the Mayo Clinic, the following factors are crucial for fertilization to be successful:

  • Your sperm must be healthy
  • There needs to be enough of them: Low sperm count decreases the probability of fertilization
  • They need to be effectively transported out of your body: There are a series of delicate tubes and organs involved in the creation, maintenance, and transport of sperm and semen
  • They must be able to move: Sperm motility is a major issue. If they are not moving correctly, they may not be able to travel to the egg cell

These attributes of successful fertilization can be disrupted by factors such as:

  • Infection
  • Retrograde ejaculation (semen enters the bladder during orgasm instead of exiting the body)
  • Auto-immunity conditions
  • Previous surgeries
  • Undescended testicles
  • Hormone imbalances
  • Cancer
  • Chromosomal abnormalities (such as possessing an extra X chromosome)
  • Medications including: SSRI’s, channel blockers, and certain antibiotics
  • Physiological abnormalities in the reproductive tract that prevent the transport of semen or sperm
  • Celiac disease
  • Varicocele (swelling of veins in the testicle)
  • Cystic fibrosis or possessing one of the of the genes that causes cystic fibrosis

While many of these issues can be medically addressed, there are causes of male infertility, such as missing parts of the reproductive tract, that are hard to imagine being effectively treated with supplements.

Can you get the nutrients in male fertility supplements from your diet?

Diet can impact male fertility

Whether or not they work as supplements, omega-3s, folic acid, zinc, and many antioxidants can come from dietary sources.

Additionally, a recent study found correlations between diet and sperm count, and established a kind of diet hierarchy.

Listed from highest to lowest correlated sperm counts, the investigated diets were:

· “Prudent” diet: The researchers described this as a “generally healthy” diet, consisting of fruits, vegetables, fish, and chicken. This bears a lot of similarity to the Mediterranean diet, the benefits of which Inverse has reported on before.

· Vegetarian-like diet: Limited meat and plenty of vegetables, eggs, and dairy.

· Open-sandwich diet: Traditional Danish diet including cold cuts, whole grains, and dairy.

· Western diet: Lots of red meat, fried food, and sugary drinks, and deserts.

Feiby Nassan, a co-author on the study and researcher at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, previously told Inverse that “because following a generally-healthy diet pattern is a modifiable behavior, our results suggest the possibility of using dietary intervention as a possible approach to improve sperm quality of men in reproductive age.”

Muller agrees diet is an important factor in sperm health and questions about diet are included on the UW Male Fertility Lab intake form. Specifically, Muller’s team looks out for diets low in omega-3s or high in nitrates.

Ultimately, following a Mediterranean diet may be the best recipe for male fertility health, these data suggest. For more information on the diet’s scientific backing, take a look at these four mental and physical health benefits.

How long do male fertility supplements take to work?

This is a difficult question to answer given the dearth of reliable studies showing they work at all.

However, the Cleveland Clinic website quotes Cleveland Clinic urologist and male fertility specialist, Neel Parekh, as saying that, for men with male oxidative stress infertility (MOSI), which is a condition where there are more free radicals than antioxidants in the semen, “taking supplemental antioxidants for three months or longer can improve sperm parameters. If a patient doesn’t have MOSI, however, taking antioxidants may do more harm than good.”

He also clarifies that this is only the case for men who don’t have other contributing infertility issues.

Muller says it takes about three months for a stem cell to develop into a sperm cell, and so a supplement study should be at least that long.

Some of the studies have found positive effects of supplementation featured trial periods ranging from 8 to 26 weeks.

Testosterone can haunt your sperm

Can male fertility supplements hurt your fertility?

Counterintuitively, testosterone supplementation can reduce sperm count.

According to Muller, while testosterone is necessary for the production of sperm, increasing blood testosterone levels through supplementation (or steroid use) can drive sperm production down because of a negative feedback loop involving the hypothalamus in the brain.

When the hypothalamus detects increased testosterone levels in the blood, it down regulates the production of other important hormones called LH and FSH. When the testes start getting less LH, they reduce their own testosterone production. This is significant because healthy testosterone levels in the testes should be ten times what they are in the blood stream.

“If the testes itself is not making testosterone, it’s going to have the same level as in the blood, which is a 10th of what it needs to stimulate sperm production,” Muller says.

Other lifestyle factors known to potentially reduce fertility are:

· Frequent hot tub/sauna use

· Marijuana use

· Diet low in omega-3s

· Exposure to industrial or environmental toxins at work or in the home including: plasticizers, xylene, toluene

The Inverse analysis — While there is reason to believe that certain kinds of supplementation or traditional herbal formulas could be helpful, that certainly doesn’t mean that anything advertised as boosting male fertility is efficacious or safe.

Fertility can be impacted by myriad factors such as overall health, habits, and environmental stressors which may need to be resolved. If you’re having trouble conceiving, a first step is to get to a specialist and get some analysis done before you start popping pills.

Fish oil can boost sperm count and make men’s testicles BIGGER, study claims

Fish oil can boost sperm count and make men’s testicles BIGGER, study claims

  • Scientists in Denmark tested the sperm and testicles of young, healthy men
  • Supplement-takers had bigger testicles and ejaculated more sperm, on average
  • Research only observed the link and could not prove supplements caused this
  • Experts say omega-3 could be a part of general good health, which is beneficial

By Sam Blanchard Senior Health Reporter For Mailonline
Published: 11:00 EDT, 17 January 2020 | Updated: 15:06 EDT, 17 January 2020

This article is a repost which originally appeared on MAILONLINE

Edited for content

Fish oil supplements could make men’s testicles bigger and boost their sperm count, a study claims.

Men who took the pills, which contain omega-3 fatty acids, were found to have testicles 1.5ml larger and to ejaculate 0.64ml more sperm, on average.

The men, who had an average age of 18, were included as regular supplement-takers if they had consumed fish oil for at least 60 out of the past 90 days.

Larger testicles and more sperm creation is linked to higher testosterone levels and better fertility, although the study did not test how fertile the men were.

The experiment was described by scientists as ‘well-conducted’ and ‘insightful’ but it was clear that it did not prove fish oil makes men more fertile.

Fish oil supplements contain omega-3 fatty acids, which are believed to reduce the risks of heart disease and improve brain health.

Researchers from the University of Southern Denmark did their study using 1,679 young Danish men going through military fitness testing.

In Denmark military service is mandatory for all healthy men over the age of 18, so the men in the study were not yet soldiers.

Each of the men were screened for STIs, had physical exams, gave sperm samples and then answered questions about their diets and lifestyles.

If someone was considered a regular fish oil supplement user, the research found, they produced millions more sperm in an average ejaculation.

The researchers wrote in their paper: ‘Fish oil supplements were associated … with higher semen volume and total sperm count, and larger testicular size.’

Ninety-eight men in the study said they took fish oil supplements regularly, while another 95 took vitamin D or C supplements.

Men in the fish oil group were less likely to have fertility problems, which were judged against the World Health Organization’s low sperm count limit of 39 million sperm per ml of semen.

The scientists found that 12.4 per cent of the men who took fish oil supplements (12 out of 98) had sperm counts below the WHO’s measure.

This compared to 17.2 per cent (192 out of 1,125) men who took no supplements.

And the longer someone had been taking supplements for, the more sperm they were likely to produce.

The researchers added that, based on a model fit and healthy 19-year-old: ‘Total sperm count was 147 million for men with no supplement intake, 159 million for men with other supplement intake, 168 million for men with fish oil supplement intake on fewer than 60 days, and 184 million for men with fish oil supplement intake on 60 or more days.’

The study did not give exact measurements for men’s testicle volume or sperm volumes – they only compared the two groups.

And the scientists could not explain why – if it was true – the fish oil improved sperm quality.

It was also not clear whether increased sperm volume was caused by – or caused – the change in testicle size.

Scientists not involved with the research said the study had been well-conducted but it didn’t say how much fish oil the men took.

And nor did it reveal the men’s diets, which may have shown they were getting omega-3 from other sources such as fresh fish.

Professor Sheena Lewis, reproductive medicine expert at Queen’s University, Belfast, said: ‘This is a large well-designed study and the association between fish oil intake and improved semen quality is compelling.

‘However, the study focuses on healthy young men; mostly with sperm counts already in the fertile range.

‘There is no evidence from this study that infertile men with low sperm counts benefit from fish oil.’

Dr Frankie Phillips, of the British Dietetic Association, said missing information about the men’s diets did make the study’s results less convincing.

She added: ‘Antioxidants, including vitamin C, selenium and vitamin A, as well as zinc and omega-3 fats all have a role in the production of healthy sperm.

‘There is much focus on the diets of women who are trying to conceive, ensuring that they are in the best possible position to achieve a healthy pregnancy, but diet might also be a factor involved in men’s reproductive health.

‘Omega-3 is present in a both animal and plant derived foods, but oily fish stands out as an excellent source of long chain omega-3, and the UK population currently consume way below the recommended ‘at least one portion of oily fish per week’.

‘So including omega-3 is already part of current dietary recommendations – this study on its own can’t prove that upping omega-3 will itself improve testicular function.’

The research was published in the journal JAMA Network Open, by the American Medical Association.